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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">kaspmed</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Прикаспийский вестник медицины и фармации</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Title</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2712-8164</issn><publisher><publisher-name>ФГБОУ ВО Астраханский ГМУ Минздрава России</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.17021/2712-8164-2025-4-21-30</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">kaspmed-112</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОРИГИНАЛЬНЫЕ ИССЛЕДОВАНИЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ORIGINAL INVESTIGATIONS</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Реабилитация больных после микродискэктомии на поясничном отделе позвоночника</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Rehabilitation of patients after microdiscectomy on the lumbar spine</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0000-8904-1666</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Толстая</surname><given-names>С. И.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Tolstaya</surname><given-names>S. I.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Светлана Ивановна Толстая, ассистент кафедры неврологии и нейрохирургии с курсом последипломного образования; заведующая отделением медицинской реабилитации</p><p>Астрахань</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Svetlana I. Tolstaya, Assistant Professor of the Department; Head of the Department</p><p>Astrakhan</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">cvetik1811@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3414-5729</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Ноздрин</surname><given-names>В. М.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Nozdrin</surname><given-names>V. M.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Всеволод Мстиславович Ноздрин, кандидат медицинских наук, ассистент кафедры неврологии и нейрохирургии с курсом ПДО; заведующий отделением нейрохирургии</p><p>Астрахань</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Vsevolod M. Nozdrin, Cand. Sci. (Med.), Assistant of the Department; Neurosurgeon, Head of the Department</p><p>Astrakhan</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">vseleon@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3275-5099</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Цоцонава</surname><given-names>Ж. М.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Tsotsonava</surname><given-names>Zh. M.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Жужуна Мурмановна Цоцонава, кандидат медицинских наук, доцент, заведующая кафедрой неврологии и нейрохирургии с курсом последипломного образования</p><p>Астрахань</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Zhuzhuna M. Tsotsonava, Cand. Sci. (Med.), Associate Professor, Head of the Department</p><p>Astrakhan</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">tsotsonava02@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5510-485X</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Денильханов</surname><given-names>Ш.-М. Х.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Denilkhanov</surname><given-names>Sh.-M. Kh.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Шейх-Магомед Хасмагомедович Денильханов, ассистент кафедры неврологии и нейрохирургии с курсом последипломного образования</p><p>Астрахань</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Sheikh-Magomed K. Denilkhanov, Assistant Professor of the Department</p><p>Astrakhan</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">sh.denilkhanov@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Астраханский государственный медицинский университет; Центр реабилитации фонда пенсионного и социального страхования Российской Федерации «Тинаки»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Astrakhan State Medical University; Tinaki Rehabilitation Center of the Pension and Social Insurance Fund of the Russian Federation</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Астраханский государственный медицинский университет; Александро-Мариинская областная клиническая больница</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Astrakhan State Medical University; Alexandro-Mariinskaya Regional Clinical Hospital</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-3"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Астраханский государственный медицинский университет</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Astrakhan State Medical University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2025</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>24</day><month>12</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>6</volume><issue>4</issue><fpage>21</fpage><lpage>30</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Толстая С.И., Ноздрин В.М., Цоцонава Ж.М., Денильханов Ш.Х., 2025</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Толстая С.И., Ноздрин В.М., Цоцонава Ж.М., Денильханов Ш.Х.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Tolstaya S.I., Nozdrin V.M., Tsotsonava Z.M., Denilkhanov S.K.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.kaspmed.ru/jour/article/view/112">https://www.kaspmed.ru/jour/article/view/112</self-uri><abstract><p>На сегодняшний день хирургические методы лечения дегенеративных заболеваний позвоночника получили широкое распространение и активно применяются во всем мире. Традиционно, свыше 80 % случаев дегенеративных изменений локализуются в поясничном отделе и более 60 % из них связаны с поражением межпозвонкового диска. Цель исследования: показать эффективность реабилитационных мероприятий, проанализировав их взаимосвязь с оперативным пособием в виде микродискэктомии на поясничном уровне. Методы. В данном исследовании был проведен ретроспективный количественный анализ хирургических вмешательств, выполненных в нейрохирургическом отделении Государственном бюджетном учреждении здравоохранения Астраханской области Александро-Мариинской областной клинической больницы за 2024 год. Реабилитационное лечение проанализировано на основе результатов работы центра реабилитации Фонда пенсионного и социального страхования «Тинаки» г. Астрахани. Результаты. В 171 случаях (92 %) хирургия была выполнена на одном пояснично-двигательном сегменте. В 15 наблюдениях (8 %) определены показания для оперативного пособия на двух уровнях. Выявлена продолжающаяся дегенерация данного сегмента в 45 случаях (24,1 %). Из них, у 32 (17,2 %) потребовалась повторная госпитализация в стационар с диагнозом «Рецидив грыжи диска». Результаты в виде полного регресса или значительного уменьшения болевого синдрома в послеоперационном периоде нами расценены как положительные в 85 % случаев. Сохранение разной степени выраженности болевого синдрома на данном уровне и субъективно негативную оценку выявили у 28 пациентов – в 15 %. Повторное ревизионное вмешательство проведено в 29 (15,5 %) случаев. Из 186 пациентов, перенесших операцию, 120 человек (64,5 %) прошли курс реабилитационных мероприятий в отделении медицинской реабилитации центра реабилитации Фонда пенсионного и социального страхования «Тинаки» г. Астрахани. Выводы. Активная хирургия дегенеративных заболеваний позвоночника, направленная на декомпрессию невральных структур, не гарантирует положительный результат по купированию болевого синдрома. Своевременность и важность курса полноценной реабилитации способствует снижению болевого синдрома и улучшение качества жизни пациентов.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Today, surgical methods for treating degenerative spinal diseases are widely used and actively applied all over the world. Traditionally, more than 80 % of degenerative changes are localized in the lumbar region, and more than 60 % of them are associated with intervertebral disc damage. Aim. Is to show the effectiveness of rehabilitation measures by analyzing their relationship with surgical interventions such as microdiscectomy at the lumbar level. Methods. This study conducted a retrospective quantitative analysis of surgical interventions performed in the neurosurgery department of the State Budgetary Healthcare Institution of the Astrakhan Region, the Alexandro-Mariinskaya Regional Clinical Hospital in 2024. The rehabilitation treatment was analyzed based on the results of the rehabilitation center of the Tinaki Pension and Social Insurance Fund in Astrakhan. Results. In 171 cases (92 %), surgery was performed on a single lumbar motor segment. In 15 cases (8 %), indications for surgery at two levels were determined. In 45 cases (24.1 %), ongoing degeneration of the segment was identified. Of these, 32 (17.2 %) required repeated hospitalization in a hospital with a diagnosis of “Disc herniation relapse”. The results in the form of complete regression or a significant reduction in pain syndrome in the postoperative period were assessed as positive in 85 % of cases. The persistence of varying degrees of pain syndrome at this level and a subjective negative assessment were identified in 28 patients – in 15 %. Repeated revision intervention was performed in 29 (15. 5 %) cases. Of the 186 patients who underwent surgery, 120 (64.5 %) underwent rehabilitation measures at the medical rehabilitation department of the TINAKI Center for Rehabilitation and Social Services in Astrakhan. Conclusion. Active surgery for degenerative spinal diseases aimed at decompression of neural structures does not guarantee a positive result in terms of pain relief. Timely and important course of full-fledged rehabilitation contributes to the reduction of pain syndrome and improvement of the quality of life of patients.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>микродискэктомия</kwd><kwd>послеоперационная реабилитация</kwd><kwd>дегенеративные поражения позвоночника</kwd><kwd>мультидисциплинарный подход</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>microdiscectomy</kwd><kwd>postoperative rehabilitation</kwd><kwd>degenerative spinal diseases</kwd><kwd>and multidisciplinary approach</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Aihara T., Takahashi K., Ogasawara A. Intervertebral disc degeneration associated with lumbosacral transitional vertebrae: a clinical and anatomical study // J Bone Joint Surg Br. 2005. Vol. 87, no. 5. P. 687–691.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Aihara T., Takahashi K., Ogasawara A. 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