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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">kaspmed</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Прикаспийский вестник медицины и фармации</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Title</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2712-8164</issn><publisher><publisher-name>ФГБОУ ВО Астраханский ГМУ Минздрава России</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.17021/2712-8164-2026-2-26-33</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">kaspmed-160</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОРИГИНАЛЬНЫЕ ИССЛЕДОВАНИЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ORIGINAL INVESTIGATIONS</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Большая песчанка как экспериментальная модель в биомедицинских исследованиях</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>The great gerbil as an experimental model in biomedical research</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0002-6059-4157</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Тачмухаммедова</surname><given-names>А. Х.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Tachmukhammedova</surname><given-names>A. H.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>А. Х. Тачмухаммедова, кандидат медицинских наук, проректор по научной работе</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>A. H. Tachmukhammedova, Cand. Sci. (Med.), Vice-Rector for Scientific Affairs</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">tachmuhammedowa@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7201-7395</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Мавланов</surname><given-names>К. Х.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Mavlanov</surname><given-names>K. Kh.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>К. Х. Мавланов, кандидат биологических наук, начальник</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>K. Kh. Mavlanov, Cand. Sci. (Biol.), Head</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">spooi2024@sanly.tm</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0009-6398-6413</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Гувалыева</surname><given-names>Ш. Б.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Guvalyeva</surname><given-names>S. B.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Ш. Б. Гувалыева, младший научный сотрудник</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Sh. B. Guwaliyeva, Junior Researcher</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">shasenembabayewa@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0000-4907-9416</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Атабаев</surname><given-names>М. Д.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Atabaev</surname><given-names>M. D.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>М. Д. Атабаев, студент лечебного факультета</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>M. D. Atabaev, student</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">muhatadov@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Государственный медицинский университет Туркменистана имени Мырата Гаррыева</institution><country>Туркменистан</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Myrat Garryev State Medical University or Turkmenistan</institution><country>Turkmenistan</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Центр профилактики особо опасных инфекций</institution><country>Туркменистан</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Center for the Prevention of Particularly Dangerous Infections</institution><country>Turkmenistan</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2026</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>04</day><month>08</month><year>2026</year></pub-date><volume>7</volume><issue>2</issue><fpage>26</fpage><lpage>33</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Тачмухаммедова А.Х., Мавланов К.Х., Гувалыева Ш.Б., Атабаев М.Д., 2026</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2026</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Тачмухаммедова А.Х., Мавланов К.Х., Гувалыева Ш.Б., Атабаев М.Д.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Tachmukhammedova A.H., Mavlanov K.K., Guvalyeva S.B., Atabaev M.D.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.kaspmed.ru/jour/article/view/160">https://www.kaspmed.ru/jour/article/view/160</self-uri><abstract><p>Песчанки как объект биомедицинских исследований стали использоваться с середины XX в. Эти животные просты в обращении и содержании, их анатомия и физиология, за некоторым исключением, сходны с таковыми других, наиболее широко используемых в научных исследованиях, представителей отряда грызунов: крыс и мышей. Благодаря ряду физиологических и анатомических особенностей на песчанках воспроизводятся патофизиологические состояния, которые сложно (или невозможно) моделировать на крысах и мышах. Целью исследования была оценка уровня тревожности и исследовательской активности самок большой песчанки Rhombomus opimus, переживших витальный стресс, в тесте «Открытое поле» системы “Multi Conditioning TSE 2,0”. Материалы и методы. Для выполнения этой работы за 6 мес. до экспериментов в Центральных Каракумах с помощью живоловок были отловлены 50 самок большой песчанки. За время адаптации песчанок к лабораторным условиям в течение 6 мес. 5 из них по разным причинам погибли. Животные были разделены на 4 группы по 10 грызунов в каждой. Контролем служили 10 интактных больших песчанок, не подвергшихся стрессовому воздействию. Средний вес большой песчанки составил 115,0 ± 7,3 г. Животные содержались в стандартных условиях вивария в соответствии с правилами содержания и ухода за лабораторными грызунами, изложенными в книге «Руководство по содержанию и уходу за лабораторными животными» (Евразийский совет по стандартизации, метрологии и сертификации, Минск, 2014). Результаты. Анализ поведенческих данных в тесте «Открытое поле» показал, что ориентировочно-исследовательская реакция, выражаемая в количестве стоек и горизонтальной двигательной активности, устойчивость нервных процессов, отражаемых в количестве реверсивных по  воротов, времени посещения центральных ярко освещенных квадратов, вегетативная и эмоциональная реакция, определяемая по времени груминга у экспериментальных животных при стрессе существенно снижаются, что отражает естественную перестройку уровня активности мозговых процессов при стрессе. Заключение. Поисково-исследовательская реакция и уровень тревожности большой песчанки в тесте «Открытое поле» на различные раздражители вызывает стресс, который может влиять на когнитивные функции животных.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Gerbils have been used as an object of biomedical research since the mid-20th century. These animals are easy to handle and care for, and their anatomy and physiology, with a few exceptions, are similar to those of other rodents most widely used in scientific researches: rats and mice. Due to a number of physiological and anatomical features, the gerbils can reproduce pathophysiological conditions that are difficult (or impossible) to model in rats and mice. The aim of this study was to evaluate the anxiety level and exploratory activity of female great gerbils (Rhombomys opimus) after a vital stress in the “Open field” test of the Multi Conditioning TSE 2.0 system. Materials and methods. For this study, 50 female great gerbils were captured using live traps in the Central Karakum Desert 6 months prior to the experiments. During the 6-month adaptation period of the gerbils to laboratory conditions, 5 of them died for various reasons. The animals were divided into 4 groups of 10 rodents each. Ten intact great gerbils, not subjected to the stress, served as controls. The average weight of the great gerbils was 115.0 ± 7.3 g. The animals were kept under standard vivarium conditions in the accordance with rules for the care and maintenance of laboratory rodents outlined in the book “Guide to the Care and Maintenance of Laboratory Animals” (Eurasian Council for Standardization, Metrology and Certification, Minsk, 2014). Results. Analysis of behavioral data in the “Open field” test showed that the orientation-exploratory response, expressed as the number of stance and horizontal motor activity, the stability of neural processes reflected in the number of reverse turns, the time spent visiting the central brightly lit squares, the vegetative and emotional response determined by the time of grooming in the experimental animals under stress, are significantly reduced, which reflects the natural restructuring of the activity level of brain processes under the stress. Conclusion. The exploratory behavior and the anxiety level of the great gerbils in the “Open field” test to various stimuli causes stress, which may impact cognitive functions of animals.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>Rhombomus opimus</kwd><kwd>большая песчанка</kwd><kwd>“Multi Conditioning TSE 2</kwd><kwd>0”</kwd><kwd>поисково-исследовательская активность</kwd><kwd>стресс</kwd><kwd>груминг</kwd><kwd>фризинг</kwd><kwd>температура</kwd><kwd>открытое поле</kwd><kwd>моделирование гипертермии</kwd><kwd>моделирование электротравмы</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>Rhombomys opimus</kwd><kwd>great gerbil</kwd><kwd>Multi Conditioning TSE 2.0</kwd><kwd>exploratory behavior</kwd><kwd>stress</kwd><kwd>grooming</kwd><kwd>freezing</kwd><kwd>temperature</kwd><kwd>open field</kwd><kwd>hyperthermia simulation</kwd><kwd>electrical injury simulation</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Макарова М. 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