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Author Guidelines

Rules for the formatting of materials submitted for publication in the scientific and practical periodicals «Caspian Bulletin of Medicine and Pharmacy»

1. The Rules for the formatting of materials (hereinafter - the article, manuscript) submitted for publication in the scientific and practical periodicals «Caspian Bulletin of Medicine and Pharmacy» (hereinafter respectively - the Rules, the publications) have been developed taking into account the «Uniform Requirements for Manuscripts Submitted to Biomedical Journals: Preparation and Editing of Biomedical Publications» prepared by the International Committee of Medical Journal Editors.
2. The publications accept for printing scientific reviews, original articles, observations from practice, materials to assist the practicing physician, problem articles and informational materials that have not been previously published or accepted for publication in other printed or electronic publications.
3. The author guarantees that they have exclusive rights to the material submitted to the Editorial Office as a result of intellectual activity in accordance with the current legislation of the Russian Federation. In case of violation of this guarantee and the submission of claims against the Editorial Office in this regard, the author shall independently and at their own expense settle all claims. The Editorial Office is not responsible to third parties for violation of the guarantees provided by the author.
4. At the initial stage of work with the publication, the Editorial Office employees check the text for the presence of unfair borrowings using the “Antiplagiat” system. The verification report is subject to expert evaluation by an Editorial Office employee, each case of borrowing is considered and evaluated separately. All borrowings must be made correctly, with mandatory indication of the original source of the information provided.

Plagiarism (incorrect borrowing), as considered by the Editorial Office of the publication, includes: verbatim or paraphrased presentation of ideas, as well as copying images, drawings, tables from the works of other people without an appropriate reference to the original source; duplication of the researcher’s own works previously published without an appropriate reference to them (this refers to self-plagiarism, repeated publication). Commonly used phrases (general scientific and commonly used vocabulary), special terms, and standard syntactic constructions are not considered plagiarism.

If, during the review by the Editorial Office employees, large fragments of incorrect borrowings (plagiarism) are identified that call into question the scientific value of the article, as well as technical methods aimed at bypassing automated verification systems, the article is withdrawn from publication. The authors are notified of the rejection of the manuscript due to a violation of editorial ethics.

5. The article must be thoroughly checked by the authors; the author’s version of the article must be signed by each of them. The Editorial Office of the journal reserves the right to edit article materials regardless of their volume, including changing article titles, terms and definitions. Minor corrections of a stylistic, nomenclatural or formal nature may be made to the article without agreement with the author.
6. The article must be accompanied by an official letter of submission from the institution where the work was carried out. The first page of the author’s original text of the article must contain the endorsement «For printing» and the signature of the head of the institution, certified by the institution’s official round seal, and at the end - the signatures of all authors indicating the person responsible for contacts with the Editorial Office.
7. The author’s version of the manuscript must be submitted both electronically and on paper (1 copy). The text must be printed in A4 format, with 1 line spacing, Times New Roman font, 11 pt size, with margins: left - 2 cm, right - 2 cm, top - 2 cm, bottom - 2.5 cm.
8. All pages of the author’s version of the article must be numbered (at the bottom center). The text must be aligned to the page width with paragraph indentation of 1 cm.
9. The first page of the author’s original article must contain:

1) The title of the article (centered; in uppercase letters, bold font; Bookman Old Style, 11 pt) must not exceed 200 characters, including spaces; must be informative; use of abbreviations, participial and adverbial participial constructions, question and exclamation marks, is not allowed;

2) UDC is placed on a separate line on the left (provided by the authors of the article);

3) Author’s first name, patronymic, and surname (in this order; on a separate line below the UDC index on the left; Times New Roman, 11 pt), full name of the main place of employment, city, and country. The legal organizational form of the institution (FSBIS, FSBEI HE, PJSC, JSC, etc.) is not indicated. Information about the authors’ place of employment is provided after the authors’ surnames and linked using superscript numbers;

4) Scientific specialties (on the right side of the line opposite the UDC index) and the corresponding fields of science in which the article is submitted, according to the Order of the Ministry of Science and Higher Education of the Russian Federation № 118 dated February 24, 2021:

1.5.11. Microbiology (medical sciences),

3.1.4. Obstetrics and Gynecology (medical sciences),

3.1.18. Internal Medicine (medical sciences),

3.1.20. Cardiology (medical sciences),

3.1.21. Pediatrics (medical sciences),

3.1.22. Infectious Diseases (medical sciences),

3.1.26. Phthisiology (medical sciences),

3.1.9. Surgery (medical sciences),

3.1.28. Hematology and Blood Transfusion (medical sciences),

3.1.29. Pulmonology (medical sciences),

3.1.30. Gastroenterology and Dietetics (medical sciences),

3.3.1. Human Anatomy (medical sciences),

3.3.6. Pharmacology, Clinical Pharmacology (medical sciences),

3.2.7. Allergology and Immunology (medical sciences),

3.3.8. Clinical Laboratory Diagnostics (medical sciences),

3.1.33. Rehabilitation Medicine, Sports Medicine, Therapeutic Exercise, Balneology and Physiotherapy (medical sciences).

10. The next section is the Abstract (1 line spacing; Times New Roman, 10 pt; no more than 250 words). The abstract must be informative and structured (for original articles: objective, materials and methods, results, and conclusion) and must fully reflect the content of the article; the use of abbreviations and shortened forms is not allowed.

Keywords (phrases) (no fewer than 3 and no more than 15 words or phrases; Times New Roman, 10 pt). No period is placed after the keywords; the use of abbreviations and shortened forms is not allowed.

After the keywords, a bibliographic reference to the article in the language of the article (except English) is provided for further citation, preceded by the words «For citation:» (authors of the article are indicated; single line spacing; Times New Roman, 10 pt).

11. The following information must be translated into English: the article title, author information (the author’s patronymic is indicated by 1-2 Latin letters), abstract, keywords, and bibliographic reference for further citation (preceded by the words “For citation:”) in the same order (single line spacing; Times New Roman, 10 pt).
12. The main text of the article must be printed in A4 format, with single line spacing, Times New Roman, 11 pt. Publication in English is also possible. Original articles must include the following sections: introduction, objective, materials and methods, results and discussion (statistical analysis of the results is required), conclusions.
13. The length of the main text of original articles must be from 5 to 10 pages, review manuscripts from 5 to 16 pages, and other types of materials from 3 to 5 pages, including tables and figures.
14. The text of the author’s original manuscript must correspond to a scientific writing style: it should be clear and precise, without long historical introductions, unnecessary repetitions, or newly created terms.

The material must be presented in a strict logical sequence according to the principles of scientific research, with a clear distinction between the results obtained by the author, the relevant literature data, and their interpretation.

15. The introduction of an original article should briefly outline the current state of the problem, the relevance of the research, and formulate the purpose of the work. Only works directly related to the topic should be cited.
16. The "purpose" of the scientific work should follow from the topic, problem, subject, and object of the research, explaining its relevance and the result planned to be achieved during the work (research, review). The goal should be specific and form an understanding of the final result.
17. The "Materials and Methods" section should clearly and concisely present the study design:

• a statement regarding compliance with ethical standards and rules during the conduct of the study; in the case of original articles, an extract from the protocol of the local ethics committee meeting must be included in the accompanying documents;
• Study scope and version: single-phase (cross-sectional), longitudinal (prospective or retrospective study), or other;
• the method of dividing the sample into groups, a description of the population from which the sample was drawn (if the main and control groups were recruited from different populations, each of them should be named);
• inclusion and exclusion criteria for the study;
• mandatory mention of randomization (with an indication of the methodology), if any, when distributing patients into groups, as well as the presence or absence of blinding when using placebo and the medicinal product in clinical trials;
• a description of the study methods in a reproducible form with appropriate references to literary sources and a description of the modifications of the methods performed by the authors;
• a description of the equipment and diagnostic technology used, indicating the manufacturer; the name of the diagnostic kits, indicating their manufacturers and normal values ​​for individual parameters;
• a description of the statistical analysis procedure, with mandatory indication of the name of the software, its manufacturer, and country (e.g., StatSoft, Russia, and other adequate statistical packages), the critical significance level p adopted in the study (e.g., "the critical value for the significance level was considered to be 0.001"). The significance level should be presented with an accuracy of three decimal places (e.g., 0.038), and not as an inequality (p<0.05 or p>0.05). It is necessary to clarify which descriptive statistics are provided for quantitative characteristics (e.g.: "mean and standard deviation (M + s)"; "median and quartiles Me [Q1; Q3]"). When using parametric statistical analysis methods (e.g., Student's t-test, Pearson's correlation analysis), justification for their applicability should be provided.

18. In studies investigating the efficacy and safety of medicinal products, all drugs and chemicals used, their doses, route of administration, and duration of administration must be specified precisely. International nonproprietary names should be used to denote medicinal products. Drug names should begin with a lowercase letter.
19. In studies related to the clinical stage of evaluating the efficacy and safety of unregistered medicinal products (newly developed drugs or known drugs in a new dosage form) or medicinal products used according to regimens not reflected in official instructions for use, the Editorial Office must be provided with authorization documents issued by the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation.
20. When studying the efficacy of diagnostic methods, results should be presented in terms of sensitivity, specificity, and predictive value.
21. When studying the efficacy of a medical intervention (a treatment or prevention method), the results of comparing the main and control groups both before and after the intervention must be reported.
22. In the “Results and Discussion” section, the study’s own results should be presented in a logical sequence; duplication of information in the text and in illustrative material is undesirable. When discussing the results, new and relevant aspects of the study should be highlighted, critically compared with other works in the field, and the potential applicability of the obtained results in future research should be emphasized.
23. The conclusions or summary of the work must be linked to the study’s objective, and unsubstantiated claims should be avoided. The “Conclusions” section should include a numbered list of statements confirmed by statistical data analysis.
24. All abbreviations and acronyms, except for commonly accepted ones, must be spelled out at their first mention. For the purpose of text unification, the abbreviations or acronyms proposed by the author should be consistently used in subsequent mentions (except conclusions or summary). Commonly accepted abbreviations should follow the SI system, and names of chemical compounds should comply with IUPAC recommendations.
25. The article should contain an optimal number of tables, graphs, figures, or photographs for the clear presentation of the material. If tables, graphs, diagrams, or other illustrative material are borrowed, the source must be indicated. References to tables, graphs, diagrams, etc., in the text are mandatory; illustrative material should be placed after the references to it in the text.
26. When preparing tables, the following rules must be observed:

• Tables must be created using the built‑in tools of Microsoft Word;
• All tables in the article must have a numbered heading, i.e., be numbered with Arabic numerals on a continuous basis (without abbreviating the word “Table” and without the “№” symbol), in accordance with GOST R 7.0.7‑2021. If the article contains only one table, a numbered heading is not used, but the word “Table” must be retained;
• Each table must have a thematic heading, i.e., a brief title reflecting its content (centered on the page as “Table 1. Title”, Times New Roman, 10 pt, bold; no period after the title; the use of abbreviations and acronyms is not allowed), followed by the translation of the title into English (“Table 1.”).
• Column and row headings must be formulated concisely and precisely. If the author provides numerical data with units of measurement, these must be indicated in the corresponding column headings, without repeating them on each row.
• If abbreviations or acronyms are used in the table, they must be explained in a Note (Times New Roman, 10 pt, italic).
• The information presented in the tables must be concise, clear, easy to understand, and relevant to the section of the article it illustrates, without duplicating the text.
• If the table presents data subject to mandatory statistical processing, the Note must indicate which groups were used to assess the significance of the changes.
• If the table contains data processed using different statistical approaches, this must be specified in the Note. For example: Note: * - the significance level of changes is p < 0.05 relative to the control group (Student’s t‑test with Bonferroni correction for multiple comparisons).
• Tables of the same type must be structured consistently; it is recommended to simplify table design, avoiding unnecessary columns and diagonal dividing lines.
• Graphs and diagrams in the article must be numbered under the figures with Arabic numerals on a continuous basis (centered on the page, “Figure 1. Title”, Times New Roman, 10 pt, bold; no period after the title; the use of abbreviations and acronyms is not allowed), followed by the translation of the title into English (“Figure 1.”). If abbreviations or acronyms are used in the figure, they must be explained in a Note (Times New Roman, 10 pt, italic).
• Graphs, diagrams, and tables must be placed in the text strictly after they are mentioned (e.g., Fig. 1 or Table 1).

27. Figure captions must include labels for the abscissa and ordinate axes, as well as units of measurement (e.g.: Antibody titer in the direct hemagglutination test, lg), and provide explanations for each curve. If diagrams present statistically processed data, the uncertainties must be shown graphically.
28. Photographs must be submitted in TIFF or JPEG format with a resolution of at least 300 dpi. Captions for microphotographs must indicate the magnification. If photographs and figures are borrowed, a reference to the source must be provided.
29. Submission of copies of illustrations obtained by photocopying is not permitted.
30. If illustrative material appears only once in the work, it is not numbered.
31. All data within tables and labels within figures and graphs must be typed with single spacing, using Times New Roman font (regular), 10 pt. Chemical formulas must be typed with professional editors.
32. After the main text of the article, the following sections should follow: Disclosure; Authors’ Contribution; Conflict of Interest; Funding Source (single spacing, Times New Roman font, 10 pt).
33. Disclosure. The authors declare the absence of any apparent or potential conflicts of interest related to the publication of this article.

Example of formatting:

Disclosure. The authors declare that they have no competing interests.

34. Authors’ Contribution. This section should specify each author’s contribution to the article. A contribution to the work is an intellectual input without which a part of the work or the work as a whole could not have been completed or the article written. In accordance with the recommendations of the International Committee of Medical Journal Editors (ICMJE), persons may be listed as authors of an article if their contribution meets the following criteria:

- substantial contribution to the conception or design of the work;

- acquisition, analysis, or interpretation of the work’s data;

- drafting the manuscript and/or critically revising its content;

- approval of the final version of the manuscript for publication;

- agreement to be responsible for all aspects of the work, including appropriate investigation and resolution of issues related to the reliability of the data or the integrity of all parts of the article.

Persons who played other roles in preparing the article may be listed in the “Acknowledgements” section.

The example formulations are not exhaustive, it is advisable to emphasize the uniqueness of each author’s contribution and detail their involvement in the work. For original articles, the names of the individual stages of the conducted work should be specified.

Example of formatting:

Authors’ Contribution. The authors declare compliance of their authorship with the international ICMJE criteria. Full name: leadership, project management, initial draft preparation. Full name: review and editing. Full name: design. Full name: collection, analysis, and interpretation of results.

35. Conflict of Interest. Authors must disclose any potential or apparent conflicts of interest related to the manuscript. A conflict of interest may be considered any situation (financial relationships, employment or work in institutions having a financial or political interest in the published materials, official duties, etc.) that could influence the author of the manuscript and lead to concealment or distortion of data or change its interpretation.

Example of formatting:

Conflict of Interest. The authors declare no conflict of interest.

36. Funding Source. Indicate either the absence of funding or its presence if the work was carried out, for example, as part of a research project under the State Assignment of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, grants from the Russian Science Foundation, etc.

Example of formatting:

Funding Source. The authors declare no external funding for the conduct of the study and publication of the article.

Example of formatting sections 33, 34, 35, 36:

Disclosure. The authors declare that they have no competing interests.

Authors’ Contribution. The authors declare the compliance of their authorship according to the international ICMJE criteria. All authors made a substantial contribution to the conception of the work, acquisition, analysis, interpretation of data for the work, drafting and revising the work, final approval of the version to be published, and agree to be accountable for all aspects of the work.

Conflict of Interest. The authors declare no conflict of interest.

Funding Source. The authors declare no external funding for the conduct of the study and publication of the article.

37. The next section is the list of bibliographic references “List of Sources”) (single spacing, Times New Roman, 10 pt; 10-15 sources for original research articles and observations from practice; 20-30 sources for scientific review). The list must be numbered in ascending order. The bibliographic list is arranged in the order in which the sources are cited in the text of the article. The List of Sources must be formatted in accordance with GOST R 7.0.7‑2021. In the text, references are given as Arabic numerals in square brackets, corresponding to the List, e.g., [1], or [1, 2, 3], or [1-5].
38. The list of sources should include articles primarily published within the last 10-15 years and comprehensively reflecting the current state of the issue under consideration. The list should not be limited to Russian-language sources. The list of sources for foreign authors should be complete, reflecting their contribution to the topic. The author of the article bears full responsibility for the accuracy of the information and the correctness of the bibliographic data.

Examples of formatting the “List of Sources”.

1. Johnson D. W., Forman C., Vesey D. A. Novel renoprotective actions of erythropoietin: new uses for an old hormone. Nephrology. 2006; 11(4): 306–312.
2. Аронов Д. А., Лупанов В. П. Функциональные пробы в кардиологии. М. : МЕДпресс-информ, 2007. 328 с.
3. Блэйк П. Г. Современные представления об анемии при почечной недостаточности // Нефрология и диализ. 2000. Т. 2, № 4. С. 278–286.

39. Next, list of bibliographic references in Latin is provided (“References”), formatted as follows:

- all authors’ names in transliterated form (use the website https://translit.net/, BGN standard; the switch between standards is located above the letter row);

- the title of the article translated into English;

- the name of the Russian‑language source (journal) in transliterated form;

- the English translation of the source (journal) name after the “=” sign;

- metadata of the source with designations in English.

The numbering of the additional list of References must coincide with the numbering of the main list of List of Sources.

Examples of formatting a References list.

1. Example of formatting a book: Osipenkova-Vichtomova T. K. Forensic examination of bones. Moscow: BINOM Publishing House; 2017. 272 p. (In Russ.).
2. Example of formatting a journal article: Bleyk P. G. Modern concepts of anemia in kidney insufficiency. Nefrologiya i dializ = Nephrology and dialysis. 2000; 2 (4): 278–286. (In Russ.).
3. Example of formatting a patent: Gorelkin A. G., Pinkhasov B. B. The way of definition of man's biological age and senility speed. Patent RF, no. 2387374. 2010. (In Russ.).
4. Example of formatting a dissertation: Ponezheva Zh. B. Clinico-immunological aspects of pathogenesis of chronic hepatitis C and ways to optimize therapy. Abstract of thesis of Doctor of Medical Sciences. Moscow; 2011. 38 p. (In Russ.).
5. Example of article formatting with a DOI: Bassan R., Pimenta L., Scofano M., Gamarski R., Volschan A; Chest Pain Project investigators, Sanmartin C. H., Clare C., Mesquita E., Dohmann H. F., Mohallem K., Fabricio M., Araújo M., Macaciel R., Gaspar S. Probability stratification and systematic diagnostic approach for chest pain patients in the emergency department. Crit. Pathw. Cardiol. 2004; 3 (1): 1–7. doi: 10.1097/01.hpc.0000116581.65736.1b.
6. Example of formatting an article from a conference proceedings / collected papers: Kantemirova B. I., Kasatkina T. I., Vyazovaya I. P., Timofeeva N. V. The investigation of liver detoxicytic function according to restoring blood glutation in children with different somatic pathology. Collection of scientific works of the Astrakhan State Medical Academy. Astrakhan' : Astrakhan State Medical Academy; 2003: 388–391. (In Russ.).
7. Example of formatting conference materials: Mazlov A. M., Vorontseva K. P., Bulakh N. A. Optimizing the use of antibacterial drugs in the obstetric observational department of the regional perinatal center. Materials of III International Conference of the Caspian States “Actual issues of modern medicine”. 4–5 October 2018. Astrakhan' : Astrakhan State Medical University; 2018: 116–117. (In Russ.).
8. Example of formatting an online resource: State Register of Medicines. URL: http://grls.rosminzdrav.ru. (In Russ.).

40. After the “References” list, additional information about the author(s) is provided, preceded by the phrase “Information about the author(authors)”.

Information about the authors (single‑spaced, Times New Roman font, 10 pt):

1. Authors’ full names (initials of the first and middle names, full surname; Times New Roman, bold and italic), academic degree, title, position, affiliation, city, country, ORCID, and email address.
2. We recommend that all authors provide their ORCID. To do this, you need to register on the website http://orcid.org/ and obtain an identification number. Each article author must be registered in the ORCID system and have a corresponding identifier. The author's profile in the ORCID system must be filled out in as much detail as possible.
3. Additionally, the contact person responsible for communication with the Editorial Office should provide a mobile phone number (this information is not included in the published version of the manuscript and is not posted on the website). This information is intended solely for the Editorial Office to ensure prompt communication with the authors. The Editorial Office does not share the authors’ personal information with third parties.

41. Procedure for article submission and processing:

To submit a manuscript, authors must register on the journal’s website “Caspian Bulletin of Medicine and Pharmacy” (https://www.kaspmed.ru) by filling out the online form, and then upload the manuscript and supporting documents (scanned copies) in the “Submit an Article” section.

Only one article of the first author may be published in a journal.

Submitted articles are reviewed in order of priority, ensure compliance with the publication process and the number of editions planned by the publishing house.

Supporting documents include (templates are available in the “Instructions for Authors” section on the journals’ websites):

1. A covering letter from the institution, indicating the author responsible for communication with the Editorial Office;
2. An agreement on the transfer of copyright;
3. Consent to the processing of personal data (from each author);
4. An expert opinion confirming the possibility of open publication of the materials;
5. An extract from the protocol of the Local Ethics Committee (for original articles and observations from practice).

Send the originals of the accompanying documents and the manuscript (with the organization's seal and signatures of the author team) by mail to the address: 414000, Astrakhan, Bakinskaya St., 121, Astrakhan State Medical University of the Ministry of Health of Russia, Editorial and Publishing Department.

Manuscripts and accompanying documents are not returned to the authors.

42. Stages of materials verification:

1. Preliminary examination of compliance with the requirements specified in the Rules; verification of the availability of the complete set of accompanying documents (forms for filling out the Accompanying Documents).
2. Verification in the "Антиплагиат. ВУЗ" system (the total indicator of Originality + Citation (legitimate) of the text cannot be less than 75 %; no more than 10 % Matches are allowed; no more than 30 % Self-citation; no more than 10 % AI content).
3. Scientific review.
4. Literary editing.
5. Decision on the possibility of publishing the article in the journal.

During the editorial processing of submitted materials, authors may be contacted at any stage to ensure that the manuscript complies with the Rules. If reviewers and/or editors provide comments, the author is granted one month to revise the manuscript. If the author does not submit a response within this period, the manuscript will be withdrawn from further consideration.

The editorial policy allows for up to three rounds of technical revision of the manuscript, in accordance with the established guidelines. If, following the third round of revision, the issues remain unresolved and the work fails to meet the prescribed technical requirements, the submission is withdrawn from consideration.

Manuscripts that do not comply with the Editorial Office requirements, received a negative decision from the Editorial Office, or submitted without the complete set of accompanying documents will not be accepted for publication.

The date of receipt of the author’s final text version of the manuscript by the Editorial Office shall be considered the official submission date.

Official website of the Caspian Bulletin of Medicine and Pharmacy: https://www.kaspmed.ru

Editorial Office telephone: +7 (8512) 66-96-12

For authors of articles, the Center for Transfer of Innovative Technologies of Astrakhan State Medical University (Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation) provides free patent information searches using the patent information resources of the Federal Institute of Industrial Property (FIIP).

Submission Preparation Checklist

As part of the submission process, authors are required to check off their submission's compliance with all of the following items, and submissions may be returned to authors that do not adhere to these guidelines.

1. The manuscripts are accepted if has not been published or submitted for publication elsewhere.

2. The materials should be prepared in a format OpenOffice, Microsoft Word, RTF, or World Perfect.

3. Internet links are provided as a complete URL. 

4. Text should be typed with an interval of one and a half line spacing, font Times New Roman, 14 pt; to highlight the accents it is recommended to use italics rather than underlining (except Internet links). All images, graphics and tables are placed within the text according to the meaning of the particular part of text  (and not at the end of the document).

5. Text should follow the stylistic and bibliography requirements as stated in  Regulations  located in the Part "About Us." 

6. Please, remove the authors' names from the title of the article and other parts of the document to ensure the  anonymity of reviewing.

Copyright Notice

Authors who publish with this journal agree to the following terms:

1. Authors retain copyright and grant the journal right of first publication with the work simultaneously licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution License that allows others to share the work with an acknowledgement of the work's authorship and initial publication in this journal.
2. Authors are able to enter into separate, additional contractual arrangements for the non-exclusive distribution of the journal's published version of the work (e.g., post it to an institutional repository or publish it in a book), with an acknowledgement of its initial publication in this journal.
3. Authors are permitted and encouraged to post their work online (e.g., in institutional repositories or on their website) prior to and during the submission process, as it can lead to productive exchanges, as well as earlier and greater citation of published work (See The Effect of Open Access).

Privacy Statement

Specified when registering the names and addresses will be used solely for technical purposes of a contact with the Author or reviewers (editors) when preparing the article for publication. Private data will not be shared with other individuals and organizations.