Analysis of the relationship between clinical and diagnostic markers of candidal stomatitis

Abstract

Early diagnosis and verification of the pathogen is one of the successful components of the effectiveness of complex therapy of candidal stomatitis. The aim of the study was to evaluate the relationship between the clinical manifestations of candidal stomatitis and the verified pathogen. Materials and methods. 60 patients aged 45 to 74 years with a diagnosis of candidal stomatitis were examined. The clinical examination included the use of basic and additional methods: questioning, examination, palpation of the oral mucosa, determination of oral hygiene indices. In order to verify the pathogen, all patients were referred for a microbiological examination of the material taken from the pathological areas of the oral mucosa. After receiving the data from clinical and laboratory examinations, an assessment of the relationship between the clinical course of the pathology and the verified pathogen was carried out. Results. During the clinical examination, patients complained of burning sensation on the oral mucosa, halitosis, and xerostomia. 11.7 % of patients had a pronounced clinical picture in the form of extensive erosive foci on the oral mucosa, especially on the cheeks, along the line of teeth closure, and the lateral surfaces of the tongue. In the majority of patients (88.3 %), Candida albicans was the causative agent of candidal stomatitis, with their predominant prevalence and quantitative content of 104 CFU/mg. Candida non-albicans, which can be represented by various species: C. krusei (6.7 %), C. tropicalis (3.3 %) and C. glabrata (1.7 %), were detected in 11.7 % of patients. Conclusion. The severe course of candidal stomatitis with frequent recurrences indicates the presence of a resistant flora with a predominance of Candida non-albicans species.