Structure and analysis of the causes premature birth in the Astrakhan region
https://doi.org/10.17021/2712-8164-2024-4-28-36
Abstract
Preterm birth, a major cause of neonatal morbidity and mortality worldwide, is increasing in many coun tries, particularly in low- and middle-income countries. The purpose of the study – to analyze the structure and causes of preterm births in Astrakhan Oblast. To realize this goal, we retrospectively analyzed 200 individual charts of pregnant women (form 113-u) and case histories (form 003-u) of patients with PP for the period 2022–2023 delivered at the Re gional Perinatal Center of Astrakhan, which is a level III institution. Statistical analysis was performed using the Statistica 7.0 software package (Developer StatSoft, USA). The research work was conducted in accordance with the Declaration of Helsinki of the All-World Association of Ethical Principles for Scientific Medical Research Involving Human Subjects. In Astrakhan Oblast for the period 2018–2023, against the background of a decrease in the number of women of repro ductive age by 5.75 %, there was a decrease in the total number of births by 20.02 %. Against the background of the overall decrease in the number of births for the period, there is a decrease in the number of premature births by 28.3 %. Currently, according to clinical recommendations, care for women at risk of preterm labor is provided mainly in level III facilities. Thus, the rate of extremely early preterm births in the Regional Perinatal Center of Astrakhan in 2023 was 84.7%, which is 24.7% higher compared to 2018. The presented analysis showed the role of various risk factors for preterm labor, including the timing of pregnancy termination. Preterm birth is a difficult-to-manage condition, where symptomatic treatment improves neonatal outcomes but does not reduce its incidence. Reduction in preterm birth can be achieved by prophylactic progesterone in women with a history of preterm birth, in those patients in whom short cervical length has been identified by routine transvaginal ultrasound, and by personalized preconception care that takes into account history and both environmental and individual risk factors.
About the Authors
O. G. Tishkova
Astrakhan State Medical University
Россия
Россия
Ol’ga G. Tishkova, Cand. Sci. (Med.), Associate Professor
Astrakhan
N. K. Khalidolla
Astrakhan State Medical University
Россия
Россия
Natal’ya K. Khalidolla, resident of the Department
Astrakhan
D. A. Nasyrova
Astrakhan State Medical University
Россия
Россия
Dinara A. Nasyrova, resident of the Department
Astrakhan
K. M. Romanenko
Astrakhan State Medical University
Россия
Россия
Kristina M. Romanenko, resident of the Department
Astrakhan
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Review
For citations:
Tishkova O.G., Khalidolla N.K., Nasyrova D.A., Romanenko K.M. Structure and analysis of the causes premature birth in the Astrakhan region. Title. 2024;5(4):28-37. (In Russ.) https://doi.org/10.17021/2712-8164-2024-4-28-36
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